Crohn’s Disease

Understanding Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis

Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are both chronic—but treatable—inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) that affect the digestive system. While these conditions may bring daily challenges, there are effective treatments to help manage symptoms so you can lead a full and active life.

What Is Crohn’s Disease?

Crohn’s disease is a condition that causes inflammation in the digestive tract. Although it can affect any part of the tract, it most commonly impacts the small intestine.

It often begins in late adolescence or early adulthood and can follow an unpredictable pattern—alternating between flare-ups and periods of remission.

Typical symptoms include:

  • Abdominal pain

  • Diarrhea

  • Fatigue

  • Unintended weight loss

What Is Ulcerative Colitis?

Ulcerative colitis causes inflammation and sores (ulcers) in the lining of the large intestine (colon) and rectum, leading to swelling, discomfort, and digestive issues.

UC may occur at any age but is most often diagnosed between ages 15 and 30. While the exact cause isn’t fully understood, it’s believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and immune system factors.

Symptoms are often similar to Crohn’s disease and may include:

  • Frequent bowel movements

  • Abdominal cramping

  • Fatigue

  • Blood or mucus in stool

Managing Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis

Both conditions can be managed with personalized care plans. Treatment options may include:

  • Prescription medications to reduce inflammation

  • Nutritional and lifestyle modifications

  • Surgery, in more severe or unresponsive cases

For Crohn’s disease, controlling inflammation in the small intestine helps reduce discomfort and prevent complications. For ulcerative colitis, reducing inflammation in the colon improves quality of life and long-term outcomes.

With the right medical support, many people living with CD or UC are able to stay active, eat well, and feel empowered in managing their health.

✅ Crohn’s Disease Treatment Checklist

Before Starting Treatment:

  • [ ] Meet with your gastroenterologist to review your diagnosis and treatment options

  • [ ] Get baseline lab tests (bloodwork, stool samples, imaging if needed)

  • [ ] Discuss treatment goals: symptom control, healing, remission

  • [ ] Review all current medications and supplements with your care team

  • [ ] Ask about potential side effects and interactions

Medication Management:

  • [ ] Begin prescribed therapy (e.g., aminosalicylates, immunosuppressants, biologics, or corticosteroids)

  • [ ] Follow dosage instructions carefully

  • [ ] Set reminders for daily medications or injections

  • [ ] Monitor for side effects and report anything new to your provider

  • [ ] Schedule regular follow-ups to evaluate medication effectiveness

Lifestyle & Nutrition:

  • [ ] Track foods that worsen symptoms—consider keeping a food journal

  • [ ] Follow any dietary recommendations (e.g., low-residue diet during flares)

  • [ ] Stay well-hydrated

  • [ ] Avoid smoking and limit alcohol

  • [ ] Incorporate light physical activity, as tolerated

Monitoring & Ongoing Care:

  • [ ] Keep up with lab work and imaging as scheduled

  • [ ] Watch for flare-up symptoms like increased diarrhea, abdominal pain, or weight loss

  • [ ] Stay current with vaccines, especially if on immune-modulating therapies

  • [ ] Seek emotional support or counseling if stress becomes overwhelming

  • [ ] Communicate regularly with your specialty pharmacy for refills, financial support, or medication education

  • Sources